Izindawo ezezempilo zigcwele izingozi eziningi, ikakhulukazi lezo ezihlobene nekhwalithi yomoya nezifo ezithathelwanayo. Kulezi zilungiselelo, ukuphefumula kwezokwelaphas isebenza njengomugqa obalulekile wokuzivikela. Ngokuhlunga ngempumelelo izinhlayiya eziyingozi namagciwane, iziphefumulo zezokwelapha zenza abasebenzi bezempilo bakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yabo ngokuphepha nangempumelelo. Le ndatshana icubungula, igxile ezicini ezahlukahlukene ezifana nezinhlobo zama-respirators, izindlela zazo zokuzivikela, kanye neqhaza labadlali ababalulekile emakethe, okubandakanya abakhiqizi bemishini yokuphefumula yezokwelapha njenge I-chaoomei.
Isingeniso kuma-Medical Respirators
● Ukubaluleka Kumasethingi Okunakekelwa Kwezempilo
Ezilungiselelweni zokunakekelwa kwezempilo, izabelo ziphezulu ngendlela emangalisayo uma kuziwa ekuqinisekiseni indawo yokusebenza ephephile. Ama-respirators ezokwelapha angamathuluzi abalulekile asiza ukulwa nezinsongo eziqhutshwa emoyeni, ngaleyo ndlela avikele abasebenzi bezempilo abaseqhulwini. Ukuthi ubhekene nezifo eziwubhadane ezifana ne-COVID-19 noma izinqubo zesibhedlela ezijwayelekile, isidingo sokuvikela ukuphefumula kwekhwalithi ephezulu ngeke seqiswe.
● Uhlolojikelele Lwezindlela Zokuvikela
Ama-respirators ezokwelapha asebenza ngokuhlunga izinhlayiya ezihamba emoyeni kanye nokungcola, okwenza umgoqo phakathi kwabasebenzi bezempilo nama-ejenti ayingozi. Lezi zixhobo zenzelwe ukuhlinzeka kokubili ukuhogela umoya nokuvikeleka kokukhipha umoya, okuqinisekisa ukuthi amagciwane awahogeli futhi awakhishwa, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe ubungozi bokuwela-ukungcola.
Izinhlobo zama-Medical Respirators
● I-NIOSH-Ama-Respirators Agunyaziwe
I-National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) idlala indima ebalulekile ekubekeni izindinganiso zokuvikela ukuphefumula. I-NIOSH-ama-respirators agunyaziwe, njengamamaski e-N95, aklanyelwe ukuhlangabezana nemibandela eqinile yokuphepha nokusebenza ngempumelelo. Zisebenza kahle kakhulu ekuhlungeni okungenani ama-95% ezinhlayiya ezihamba emoyeni, ziqinisa isimo sazo njengento ekhethwayo ezindaweni zokunakekelwa kwempilo.
● Umehluko Phakathi Kwemaski nama-Respirators
Nakuba kokubili izifihla-buso nezinsimbi zokuphefumula zisetshenziselwa ukuvikela ukuphefumula, kunomehluko omkhulu ekwakhiweni nasekusebenzeni kwazo. Ama-respirators, ngokungafani namamaski avamile, ahlinzeka ngokuvala okuqinile ebusweni bomsebenzisi, okuqinisekisa ukuthi izinhlayiya ezihamba emoyeni zihlungwa ngempumelelo kakhudlwana. Lokhu kwenza ama-respirators afaneleke kakhulu kubasebenzi bezokunakekelwa kwempilo abavamise ukuchayeka ezinsongweni ezihlukahlukene ezihamba emoyeni.
Indlela Ama-Respirators Avikela Ngayo Abasebenzi Bezempilo
● Ukuhlunga Kwezinhlayiya Ezisemoyeni
Ama-respirators aklanyelwe ukuhlunga izinhlayiya ezihamba emoyeni ezingaba yingozi uma zihogeliwe. Lokhu kufaka phakathi amagciwane afana namagciwane namabhaktheriya, kanye nezinhlayiya ezivela emithonjeni yemvelo. Izihlungi ze-High-efficiency particulate absorbing (HEPA) ezisetshenziswa kuma-respirators amaningi zingabamba izinhlayiya ezincane ezifika kuma-microns angu-0.3, zinikeze ukuvikeleka okuqinile kubasebenzi bezempilo.
● Ukuvimbela Amaconsi Ngesikhathi Sokunakekelwa Kwesiguli
Ezilungiselelweni zokunakekelwa kwempilo, ukuchayeka kumaconsi okuphefumula kuyingozi evamile, ikakhulukazi phakathi nezinqubo ezikhiqiza ama-aerosol. Ama-respirators ezokwelapha anekhono lokuvimba lawa maconsi, ngaleyo ndlela anciphisa amathuba okudluliselwa kwezifo. Le ndlela yokuzivikela ibaluleke kakhulu ekuvimbeleni ukusabalala kwezifo ezinjengomkhuhlane kanye ne-COVID-19.
Ukusebenza Kokufaneleka Nokuhlunga
● Ukubaluleka Kokufaneleka Okufanelekile
Ukusebenza komshini wokuphefumula wezokwelapha kuncike kakhulu ekulinganeni kwawo. Umshini wokuphefumula olingana kahle uqinisekisa ukuvaleka okuvikelekile ebusweni, ukuvimbela umoya ongahlungiwe ekuhogeleni. Lokhu kubalulekile ekugcineni ukusebenza kahle kokuhlunga komshini wokuphefumula kanye nokukhulisa amandla ayo okuvikela abasebenzi bezempilo.
● Amazinga Okusebenza Kahle Kokuhlunga
Ama-respirators ahlukene anikeza amazinga ahlukene okusebenza kahle kokuhlunga. I-NIOSH-imishini yokuphefumula egunyaziwe, enjengamamaski e-N95, iqinisekisa okungenani ukusebenza kahle kokuhlunga okungama-95%, okuwenza asebenze kahle kakhulu ezilungiselelweni zokunakekelwa kwempilo. Amanye ama-respirators angase anikeze amazinga ahlukene okuvikela, kuye ngomklamo wawo kanye nokusetshenziswa okuhlosiwe. Kubalulekile ukuthi izikhungo zezempilo zikhethe ama-respirators ahlangabezana nezidingo ezithile zendawo ezikuyo.
Ukuvikelwa Ezifweni Ezithathelwanayo
● Iqhaza Ekugwemeni I-COVID-19 kanye Nomkhuhlane
Ama-respirators ezokwelapha abe semqoka ekulweni nezifo ezithathelanayo njenge-COVID-19 kanye nomkhuhlane. Ngokuhlunga igciwane-izinhlayiya ezigcwele, ama-respirators asiza ukuvimbela abasebenzi bezempilo ukuthi bangatholi futhi basakaze lezi zifo. Ukusetshenziswa okwandile kwama-N95 respirators ngesikhathi sodlame lwe-COVID-19 kugcizelele ukubaluleka kwazo ekuvikeleni abasebenzi abaphambili.
● Ama-Respirators Njengesithiyo Ezinhlayiyeni Ezibangelwa Amagciwane
Ama-respirators asebenza njengesithiyo esingokomzimba, esivimbela izinhlayiya zegciwane ukuthi zifinyelele ohlelweni lokuphefumula. Idizayini yabo yokuhlunga enezingqimba eziningi ithwebula futhi inciphise lezi zinhlayiya, inciphise ingozi yokutheleleka. Lo msebenzi wokuvimbela ubaluleke kakhulu ezindaweni ezinenani eliphezulu lezinto ezithathelwanayo.
Ama-Respirators Ezingozini Zemvelo
● Sebenzisa Ngesikhathi Uchayeka Esikhunjeni Nasothulini
Izilungiselelo zokunakekelwa kwempilo azivikelekile ezingozini zemvelo ezifana nesikhunta nothuli, okungase kubhebhethekise izimo zokuphefumula. Imishini yokuphefumula yezokwelapha ihlinzeka ngokuvikeleka kulezi zingozi ngokuhlunga izinhlayiya ezingase zibe sengozini yokusebenza kwamaphaphu. Lokhu kwenza ama-respirators abe yithuluzi elibalulekile labasebenzi bezokunakekelwa kwempilo ababambe iqhaza ekuhlanzeni, ekulungiseni, nasekwakheni izakhiwo ezikhungweni zezempilo.
● Intuthu Yomlilo Wendle kanye Nokuvikelwa Kokungcoliswa Komoya
Ezindaweni ezithandwa yimililo yequbula noma amazinga aphezulu okungcoliswa komoya, ama-respirators ahlinzeka ngokuvikeleka okubalulekile kubasebenzi bezempilo. Lezi zinto ezingcolisa imvelo zingaqukatha amakhemikhali ayingozi kanye nezinhlayiyana ezingadala ubungozi bezempilo. Ama-respirators afakwe izihlungi ezifanele anganciphisa ngempumelelo ukuchayeka kulezi zinsongo ezihamba emoyeni, aqinisekise inhlalakahle-yabasebenzi bezokunakekelwa kwempilo.
Ikhwalithi Namazinga Kwezokukhiqiza
● Inqubo yokugunyaza ye-NIOSH
Inqubo yokugunyaza ye-NIOSH iwukuhlola okuqinile komklamo, izinto zokusebenza, nokusebenza kwesixhumi sokuphefumula. Le nqubo iqinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo kuphela ehlangabezana namazinga aphezulu kakhulu ekhwalithi nokuphepha yenziwa itholakale kubasebenzi bezempilo. I-NIOSH-iziphefumulo ezigunyaziwe zihlolelwa izici ezifana nokusebenza kahle kokuhlunga, ukuphefumula, nobuqotho besakhiwo, okuhlinzeka abasebenzisi ngokuzethemba emandleni abo okuvikela.
● Ukuqinisekiswa Kwekhwalithi Yokukhiqiza
Ikhwalithi ephezulu yokukhiqiza ibalulekile ekukhiqizeni ama-respirators ezokwelapha asebenzayo. Abakhiqizi kufanele babambelele ezinyathelweni eziqinile zokulawula ikhwalithi, baqinisekise ukuthi isixhumi sokuphefumula ngasinye sihlangabezana nezicaciso ezishiwo amazinga omkhakha. Lesi siqinisekiso sekhwalithi sibalulekile ezikhungweni zezempilo ezithembele kuma-respirators ukuvikela abasebenzi bazo ezingozini ezitholakala emoyeni.
Ukucatshangelwa Kwamaqembu Akhethekile
● Ukusetshenziswa Kwabasebenzi Bokunakekelwa Kwezempilo Abane-Immunocompromised
Abasebenzi bezokunakekelwa kwempilo abavikelekile emzimbeni badinga ukuvikeleka okwengeziwe kuma-pathogen asemoyeni ngenxa yokwanda kwabo engcupheni ezifweni. Ama-respirators akhethekile anamandla okuhlunga athuthukisiwe anganikeza ukuvikelwa okudingekayo kulaba bantu, okubavumele ukuthi baqhubeke nomsebenzi wabo obalulekile ngokuphepha.
● Ukujwayela Izakhiwo Zobuso Ezihlukene
Akuwona wonke ama-respirators alingana wonke umuntu ngokulinganayo. Abakhiqizi baya ngokuya besibona isidingo semishini yokuphefumula ehlanganisa izakhiwo zobuso ezihlukahlukene. Izici ezenzeka ngendlela oyifisayo, njengezicucu zekhala ezilungisekayo namabhande, zisiza ukuqinisekisa ukulingana okuphephile kwabo bonke abasebenzisi, kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokuvikela kwesiphefumula.
Izinselelo Nemikhawulo
● Ama-Respirators Anamavalvu Okukhipha Umoya
Amanye ama-respirators afakwe ama-valve okukhipha umoya ukuze enze ukuphefumula kube lula kumuntu owugqokile. Kodwa-ke, la mavalvu angavumela umoya ongahlungiwe ukuba uphume, okungaba ingozi ezindaweni lapho ukulawulwa kokutheleleka kubaluleke kakhulu. Kubalulekile ukuthi izilungiselelo zokunakekelwa kwempilo zicabangele le mikhawulo lapho ukhetha ama-respirators ozowasebenzisa.
● Izinkinga Ngokusetshenziswa Isikhathi Eside
Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwama-respirators kungaholela ekuphathekeni kabi nasekukhathaleni, ikakhulukazi kubasebenzi bezempilo abawagqoka amashifu amade. Lokhu kungaholela ekulinganeni okungalungile nokunciphisa ukuvikela. Ukubhekana nalezi zinselele kudinga ucwaningo oluqhubekayo kanye nentuthuko ukuze kwakhiwe ama-respirators anethezeke nabasebenzisi-nobungane.
Ikusasa Lokuvikela Ukuphefumula
● Okuqanjwe kabusha Kokuklama Nezinto Zokusebenza
Ikusasa lokuvikela ukuphefumula ilele kumiklamo emisha nezinto ezithuthukisa kokubili ukunethezeka nokusebenza kahle. Intuthuko ku-nanotechnology, isibonelo, ingaholela ekuthuthukisweni kwezihlungi ezinikeza amazinga aphezulu okuvikela kuyilapho kugcinwa ukuphefumula. Lezi zindlela ezintsha zizobaluleka ekubhekaneni nezidingo eziguqukayo zabasebenzi bezokunakekelwa kwempilo.
● Ukuthuthukisa Ukunethezeka Nokusebenziseka
Njengoba ubuchwepheshe bokuvikela ukuphefumula buqhubeka nokuvela, abakhiqizi bagxile ekudaleni amadizayini e-ergonomic nabasebenzisi-nobungane. Izici ezifana nezinto ezingasindi, ukungena komoya okuthuthukisiwe, nokulingana okwenziwa ngendlela oyifisayo kuzothuthukisa ukunethezeka nokusebenziseka kwezinsimbi zokuphefumula, kuqinisekise ukuthi abasebenzi bezempilo bangenza imisebenzi yabo ngaphandle kokuyekethisa.
Isingeniso se-Chaomei
UJinde Chaooomei Medical Chemicals Co, Ltd, osungulwe ngo-1990, ungumholi ekwenziweni kwemikhiqizo ephakeme yokuphefumula eChina. Ekuqaleni kwaziwa ngokuthi i-Chaoomei Industrial Company ye-Chinese Academy of Science, i-Chaoomii ivele njenge-frontrunner embonini, inikeza uhla oluphelele lwemikhiqizo, kufaka phakathi imaski yezimboni nezokwelapha. Ngabasebenzi abangaphezu kuka-800 kanye nekhono lokukhiqiza elidlula amayunithi ayizigidi ezingama-400 minyaka yonke, uChaomei uzibophezele ekusukeni kanye nekhwalithi, okwenza kube igama elimethembayo ekuvikelweni okuphefumulelwe.
Isikhathi Sokuposa: 2024 - 12 - 30 16:10:05